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מבדקי הקצונה בצה"ל: מה- OSS עד S.S

דצמבר 8, 2017 6:49 am סגור לתגובות על מבדקי הקצונה בצה"ל: מה- OSS עד S.S admin

אל"מ (מיל') ד"ר ראובן גל
(ראש ממד"ה בשנים 1978-1982 )
5 במאי 2017
ת ק צ י ר

ביום השנה השני למותו של סא"ל (מיל') שפי שפס (S.S), שבשנות ה- 70 שימש כראש מדור מבדקי קצונה (מבד"ק), הובאה סקירה היסטורית על התפתחות מבדקי הקצונה בצה"ל לאורך השנים. הסקירה החלה בתיאור מבדקי המיון לסוכני ה- CIA שבוצעו בשנות מלחמת העולם השנייה ע"י ה – Office of Strategic Services(OSS) האמריקאי ומבדקי המיון לקצונה שבוצעו באותה תקופה ע"י ה- War Officers Selection Board (WOSB) הבריטי. בשתי מערכות מיון אלו "כיכבו" מבחני המצב, שכללו ביצוע משימות צוותיות מסובכות כמו מעברי מכשולים ובניית מתקנים באמצעים מוגבלים. מבחנים אלו הועתקו, כמעט במדוייק, אל מערכת המיון לקצונה שהוקמה בצה"ל בשנה השנייה לקיומו (יולי 1949). מערכת מיון זו לא אופיינה ברמת תוקף גבוהה ביותר והדבר התבטא בשיעורי הנפל הגדולים באותה תקופה בביה"ס לקצינים )בה"ד 1).
באמצע שנות ה- 50 שירת במבד"ק עתודאי צעיר בשם דני כהנמן, שזיהה את חולשת יכולת הניבוי של מבחני המצב ופיתח במקומם מבחנים פסיכולוגיים שהתבססו על מקורות מידע מגוונים.
לימים, בעקבות זכייתו בפרס נובל, יספר פרופ' כהנמן כיצד חוויותיו במבד"ק עיצבו במידה רבה את מחקריו העתידיים בקבלת החלטות ובהערכת מידע. הסקירה מסתיימת בתיאור מדור מבד"ק בתקופת כהונתו של רס"ן שפי שפס ז"ל כמפקד המדור. הסקירה ההיסטורית חושפת, מחד, את האתגר באיתור מוקדם של תכונות פיקוד ומנהיגות שיעמדו בהמשך במבחן המציאות הצבאית; ומנגד, את שלבי ההתפתחות המקצועית שעברה מערכת מיון זו בצה"ל במהלך העשורים הראשונים לפעילותה.

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